It activates PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, preventing neuronal death caused by amyloidogenesis, glucose deprivation, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis (8)
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1682539 Received 09 August 2025 Accepted 03 November 2025 Published 20 November 2025 Volume 16 - 2025 Edited by Xing Li, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China Reviewed by Minmin Wang, Westlake University, China Xinsheng Yang, Hebei University of Technology, China Updates Copyright 2025 Zhang, Dong, Teng, Wang, Xu, Chen, Yu, Yao and Wang
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In addition to these desirable effects, RK stimulating IGF-1 can also inhibit inflammation via stimulation of IL-10 production, reducing the overall visible redness seen in KP [15]