Acta Biochim Pol 60:137142 Tu WJ, Yin CH, Guo YQ, Li SO, Chen H, Zhang Y, Feng YL, Long BH (2013) Serum homocysteine concentrations in Chinese children with autism
Recent regulatory commentary in 2025 emphasized that clinics offering B12 injections should ensure appropriate screening and physician oversight
Am J Psych 157:18731875 Lewinsohn PM, Shankman SA, Gau JM, Klein DN (2004) The prevalence and co-morbidity of subthreshold psychiatric conditions
The result is that improvements in gut symptom burden, mucosal integrity, and post-meal function often begin within the first 7 to 14 days of the protocol
What that wisdom missed - and what a small group of academic endocrinologists, most prominently Richard DiMarchi's group at Indiana University, had begun to argue aggressively through the early 2010s - was that glucagon's metabolic role is not just "raise glucose." It is a broader lever on hepatic lipid handling, mitochondrial uncoupling, brown-fat activation, and energy expenditure