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Anyone can be affected, but some groups are more at risk: Vegetarians and vegans, since B12 mainly comes from animal products Older adults, as absorption gets harder with age People with digestive issues like Crohns or coeliac disease Those taking certain medications, such as long-term metformin or stomach acid reducers People with pernicious anaemia, an autoimmune condition that stops you from absorbing B12 If you fit into one of these categories and notice symptoms, its worth getting your levels checked
If youre planning to add L-Carnitine to your stack, the recommended dosage is roughly 1-3 grams per day, though the exact dose may depend on your reason for taking it
This can be especially helpful during high-volume training or calorie-restricted phases when recovery demands are higher
[DOI] [Google Scholar] Dai T., Lu J., Tao X., Zhang X., Li M., Jin M., et al